Description
Coriander refers to the spice made from the round, tan-colored seeds of the plant Coriandrum sativum, a member of the parsley (Apiaceae) family and it is one of the oldest spices in the world, with records dating back to as early as 5,000 B.C.
The coriander plant blossoms and produces small white flowers and clusters of small dry fruits, commonly called coriander seeds. These seeds are harvested and used as a spice. The plant is native to Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas.
Iran is one of the major commercial producers of coriander seeds. Coriander has been cultivated in different parts of Iran since ancient times. In traditional Iranian medicine, coriander seeds are widely used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, hernias, diarrhea, colitis, and other stomach disorders.
Coriander seeds are used in medicine mainly as a medicine for indigestion, anthelmintics, rheumatism, and joint pain. Aromatic coriander seeds are also used as a spice in pickles, curry powder, sausages, cakes, pastries, biscuits, and bread.
Coriander essential oil is used in the food industry as a flavoring for food products such as soft drinks, cocoa, and chocolate. This essential oil is used in medical sciences as a flavoring or anti-flatulence agent. Previous research has shown that linalool is a major component of seeds, a compound found only in coriander seeds.
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